Folding hydroplane for submersible boats.



' G. c. DAVISONL FOLDING HYDROPLANE FOR ISUBMERSIBLE BOATS.

APPLICATION TILED 11011.13, 1910.

- Patented 56111}. 16, 1913.

4 smzms snnm 1. I

1 BY ifTORNEYS e; '0. DAVISON. ,POLDING HYDROPLA NE FOR SUBMERSIBLE BOATS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1910. I

' Patented S'ept'. 16,1913.

4 SHEETE-SHEETZ ATTORNEYS G. G. DAVISONP FOLDING HYDROPLAIEE FOR SUBMERSIBLE BOATS.

' AP:PLIGATIOH FILED NOV 12, 1910 fiymigloa Patented Sept. 16,1913.

1 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3. 7-7. 5 I n'ilikzi WITNESS 3:;-

INVENTOR BY @W 4 ATTORNEYS G. 1G. DAV.IS0N. FOLDING HYDROPLANE EOE SUBMERSIBLE BOATS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I2, 1910,.

1,073,100,- Patented Sept. 16, 191-3;

v4 SHEEN-SHEET 4.

'g .6 L1 V 7 l I l 'WITNES ES:

7" v ww ATTORNEYS} in the art' to which v and use the same,

. UNITED STATES PATENTLQFFICE.

eu'seomr CALDWELL mivzsou, or oU meY, 1t4ssAoi- 1Use'rrs.

rom me msnm o: simmersow;

man-tummy mew 3 i Be tknqwn that I, G, BY 04 DAWSON,

a riti-zen,of .the Ui ited'Stat'es, residing at Quincy, Massaohusetts, have inventedo'er; tahr-newjand useful Im'proirements in Fold mg Hydi oplanes for Submersible Boats; and I hereby'deelere the followiugtobe a full, 'clear, e'n'd exact. description of the i11 went-ion,- such-us will enable others skilled HydroplanesQbr horizontal rudders, with the fact that in czis'e they. rareso fuounted .as to be out ofwater when the boat run ning light theyure, in rough weether,likely '-'to be struek by, and to dip into; the w ves. T he object'of the present invelition is to.

' provide hydroplanes of such. character. that-,' when in use they will have-th'e'jm aximum effectiveness, us-aresult of their extension far-beyond-the sides -o; E the boat to-obtain a wide spread, and when, .outof-us'e' they may he shipped or swung imvm'dlyflas, for

example,- against the sides of the boat,-

where-the'y'ure. entirely out-of the way To this end I provide.ihydroplanesThat inga 'cross section of proper outline to cut through the {water u'ith'tuinimum; friction, and of proper area and extent to give the requisitevertical movement the boat, eitherwith or without the aid of other means ifor the purpose, when theyJare-adjusted to a suitable :mgleagainst the Witter in the direction of motion.

In the referredfonn of the in'yentiou illustrated in the aeeempanylu draw ngs, 1 have shown a pan" of such ydroplzuies' arranged on the ,supdr-structure fth b' symmetrically u'itl i respeetto the center'h thereof, in order to maintain the boat ou-an even keel during the operation Iotsubmersio'n or during the period of subine 'gence.

' It is possible, l10\\'e\er,' .t9 use a pluralltyof pairs of hydroplanesf ,The hydroplanes maybe located at almost any point 'along the boat. but, their most efiective positions an. lit-:11 the hint o stern as will readily 1' switc in testers 9ateut. hplicatienfl Ro eu i. 1 2, 1910- s rmr no. 592,962.

i 'fl p a nsw m k a'xes; thereby 'reducf required to ship the? jug the likelihbeliof damage to the planes bvucontact withthe-hulh which would occur lit thetu'o turning movements were notearprojeet'ion .tmd retraction.- -..n i

the'l'dlving u'nd risiugmoyements of the ing wheel, in any, ihte -nie'di:i t-e'- extended po-- .sitlon'; end. l furthel' fproncle means for automatically lock ng the mendeem. 16, 1913.

' understood; provide hydroplanes of wldesplfiil ib which extend well beyond the efiective-to control the vertical rnovement oi the {boat w th small angular movements against thelwate'n To the eiid that'-tliehydroplanes inay be uniokly and .eonveniently shipped, I 'prowide means-tor extending andretracting the planes inf a"si nple;pos t1ye and rapid nan- -ner. When an. use" the hydroplanes must- -side'sof'tl 1e boat and which are consequently he approximatelyjhor'i'zontzihsand although it would be possible to ship them without turning themJout" of @the, "horizontal; I gfi'gatly prefer mechan sm whereby, during t propetmgnnd retreating movements,

the P n s may be turned e, th r hori-rzonm1' xes through approximately 90, so as tohe flat against-the side of the boat or super-structure; and although it is possible to turn then'i on their \Zertical axes for'extending and Ijetrectin them, and 'on' their;

horizontal axes for olding '-'them againstthejside pf the, boat, by separate, means, I

have provided; a safer end more a d-ven- .tageous arrangement in which the operation of extending or retracting the planes is a-u-.

tomnt-ioally toonibined with the. turning movement of ythe'plenes on their horizontal thefltime and effort 5 end also'reduc sol rkdout in proper sequenoeand extent durddition" to the 'mecha ism 'for turn- ;ing the planes fon their horizontal axes :as r

they, Me .egttexicld 'r retracted, 'I'; provide supplementa;l1mennsg controlled by a, steer-- ing'wheelu'ithin the ressel', for turning the planes onttheir horizontal axes to control bout. Till e? riotinal' 'po'sititm of operation of the plane's 'ifsfth'et- 'u whieh they are fully 'elttendeihutjhe apparatus of my' .inre'1ition makes it possible to turn the-planes'jon their horizontal 'axesfby' means of the steere their adjusted positions,

Sln'eewth hydroplunes 'u're'onlyto De -used v l 1 during subluergence, 1t \villfbe apparent that planes in any of the supplemental control forturning' them; .Iomtheh horizontal axes shouldbe located understood.

within the boat and is not required on the deck. Furthermore, since the operation of extending and retracting the hydroplanes is to be performed only when the boat :is. on the surface justprior to submersionor justafter'the b.o at; has.'risen to the surface; the

controlling" mechanism for this operation.

.may conveniently be located on the deckof {the boat, andneed actuating mechanism forturning the hydro-" planes. on their horizontal axes for steer;

.0-it jFig. '2; Fig; 5 is 7 through a portion ofthe hull and super-.

8 is a sect-iononline 3-3 of Fig. 4, showing particularly the actuating me'c'h-J anism for extending and retracting the by droplanes; n combination with the device. for simultaneouslyturning them on their horizontal axes Fig. 1 is a verticalsection ofqthe actuating mechanism on the line ailong-itudinal sect on f'structure showing inele'vation the hydro-' 1 planeactuating mechanls'ln and controlling connections; Fig. dis-a section on thelljine- 6- 6. ofFigA- showing'in detail the controlling connections for operating-'the 'extend ing and turning mechanism; and-Figs. 7

and S are cross-sections'through parts of the hull and super-structure and the shipped hydroplane's at different points infthe length of'the hydroplanes. Q

The general arrangement of the I hydroplanes with respect. to the rest of the boat is shorin in Figs. 1, 5 and 65 from which it will be seen that the hydroplanes. 13 and their actuating mechanism are supported in acast1ng21 which 15 mounted on supporting beams24 resting uponl'the hull 22x-of the Fig. 1, so that the casting is i This casting interrupts the continuity of lengthwise thereon. the walls ofthe super-structurev 4 as shown in boat and. extending the super-structure, and extends beyond the line. thereof a sufiicient distance to permit the -freemotelnent of the planes 'on' their horizontal and vertical axes.

The steering operation is "effected means of the steering shaft 1 which extends'lengthwise of the superstructure supported in bearings tinned. to a convenient point within thevessel, Where itconnects with the steering wheel; This shaft is..rconnected. through .a'nniversal coupling 3 to a worm gear?- is a section onthe. line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing particularly the.

in fact built into 5, and should be con-- which is journaled in hearings 6' and en gages with thevtoothed-sectors '4' suitably fastened as by'bolts 8 ;t o the bevel gear sectors 9. .Thesefsectors-fi are-loosely mounted on the pintles 10 which pintl'es are journaled in bearings 23 and-constitute the vertical axles on which the hydroplan'es are swiveled. The sectorsfi engage w th bevel gear sectors 11 secured to the shafts 12 of the hydroplanes by keys or pins. By means of this connection the turning of shattl results in a corresponding turning.moyement of the.

hydroplanes on theirhorizontal'axes;By v virtue o't-the fact that the Wormis'capable f of turning the hevelasector's While the re-- vere operation is not possiblegthe hydro-.-

planes are securely-locked by the worinin any angular position-to which they have been adjusted.

The hydroplanes themselves may be con structed of woodenjsections coyered with sheet metal asshouin' in Figs.' 7 and 8 or they may he made entirely ofmetal oro'ther suitable mater al, and as shown in these figures the superstructure 4 ispreferahly. bent the jhydroplanes he n their shipped posi,-.

tion's.

' Theconnecti'ons' for" extending a'ndrei tracting the hydroplanes 1n1a lateral sweep comprise an upright shaft extending into a socket14 in'the deck 'of-theboat and adapted to, he engagedatits upper endby a spanningwrench -or' the ihkelcarries at its lower end a bevel .pmion 15 0 engaging a bevel pinion 16 rigidly mounted v on the s'pindle of the Wormgeanlf, which -is suitably journaled in' the hearingslS and engages with Figs. 3 and 4) the toothed-sectors 19 (see fiat bearing surfaces ,engaging-. correspond .ing surfaces on the casting2l and the re-. duced extremities of the hydroplane shafts 110 12 are'j'ournaled inthe. sectorstsee Fig. 1). The .heyel sectors 11' are secured to th'ehygdr'oplane shafts between =this reduced exfl As the worm 1-7 r the movement of the tremity and the hubs. turned in response to. controllinglever or wheelon the deck of thehoat the two sectors 19 are turnedjahout the axis-of the pintles. 10 therehyturning' the vhydroplanes on; their vertical axesl and.

swinging them" toward or away from the 1 n-' consequence of this movement, the bevel: f gear sectors 11 move along the teeth ofthe.

sideiof the boat, as the case-may be.

bevel gearsectors 9 but since the sectors 9;

are securely locked in position hythew orln -2.5

'2 and the toothed sectors '4', the betel gears 11 are rotated simultaneously with the eX-.

tending or retracting movement of the hy- "drop'lanes, and the hydroplanes are thereby 4 It will 1 tlll'llfll on their horizontal axes.

inwardly to form recei'vlng pockets 111 which The shaft V which ,are'rigidly mounted on thehorizontal-bearings jof thehydroplane arms. These toothed sectors 19 have thus be seen that we start with the hydro;

sand ope'ratj" 'worm 17 cannot be ttit'nefl' byihq seetors 19,. the hyd -oplanes' are--- automatically [looked iii any position of extens io i-to, which they havebe'en brought; In the normal-o eratioii the .ii droplanes will be brought to t. o fully '5 extended horizontal position andthen-gi'ven the proper angular adjustment to *stxr th boat by. means of'tlre'steering' Wheel-and commuti g rod 1, but it win -be obserVtl-thatn 1 the plane'sn a-y be turned bn tlieii' horizontalaiies by mean's'of. this-conj eeting'rod what ever may he the position of projection or retractioii, and. it may sometimes be desirable touse the planesin a partially extended positioni proposed to equip boats of theeharacter re-' lerred'to with sivingi'ngfli'ydroplans in such "afinannerthat the stringing .n'ioveme'nt takes plaeje about an axis arrahged horizo'ntally and substantially parallel to the i longitudinall axis of the boat, so as to niovethe hydro- .bejobse'r'ved that'the length of ahydroplane so mounted must as a pra'ctioal-matter'be so restricted that xyhen the hydroplaiieis outofservieefthatz ls wllll it is in; the up and tio i and'so far'a's'l anr a vare it is broadly h 'neii to mount l'iyd 'oplanes of the. character V jreferreilto in such manner that they may be v i'etijaeted bYlIiFDll-Ig them on a \BlfllfifllilXiS fand, also on, a'horizontalaxisso that the .h-yd foplanes may be: moved in a lateral 5 jslweep from an extended position inwhieh their surfaces are"substantially horizontal i into a" retracted position against the side of theboat, by a movement of e( -inhined rotatioii oii horizontal and re'rti ea'l axes, as dis- 5 5 tin'g'nished.froinaiotation on a single hori-. zontal axis paralleltothe'axis'ot the boat.

' What I elai n is:

-1. i-\ suhniai' ieo'r submersible boat hav- I infra pair of h droplanes, and bearing men a fio'liel'i' in which the l,l \(ll'0l)illll tfl are mounted 'foi rotation on horizontal axes. .saitl hearing members being sini eleil in the sides-of the boat on evtieail-axes, alul meelia} nism for turning the liyiiraiplanes on the .rerlieal and horizontal,axer-to move them in I p v .shaft 14,- the hydropldiies wii be mutiny-swung. iir

'il'ane'iiiaverticalsweep. However, it willv for steering;

elateral sweep from an eifiteflfled position-in which their siirfaees are "substantially hori- 5ental nto a iet-iaoted PUsition in which their sfirfac'eslieagainst the sides of the .2. submarine-or submersible boat. haull g. pair of h'ydrbplaiies sivii-jeled thereon on. vertical xii-X88, 'whereby. they 'may be tti'l-"hed iii a lateral sweep from'ai extended position of wide spread to a shipped 11051 'fibil lengthwiseofme boat, and mechani at connections between the liydroplanes whe ,eby their. simultaneous movement is assu'red in combination with mechanism for adjusting the hydroplanesontheir horizontal axes a ,3. A' submarine or-subniersi'hle boat, haviing-hyd oplaness'wivel'ed thereon o'i'i-vert ical axes, wherebythey mayv-be' turnedin' a 'later'al sweep from an-extendedpositi'mi of.

Wide spread to a shipp'etl position lengthwise of the boat; in combination with.inechani'sm -T4-. A submarine or submersible boat, 'haiffo'r adjusting t'h'hydro'pla'ne's on their h rt I 4 1 zo'ntal axes'f'o'r steering.

25 I am aware that t has heretofore been i i 0 mg a P2111, of hydro'planes swiveled thereon on Vertical axes, and mechanism 'fortui-n-'.

'iiig' the hydroplaiies on. their siriiiels't'o pro lateral sweep, said "mechanism including 'ing a 1)dir of hydro )lanes swiveled thereon,- i'neoliaii s'in for turning the liydroplanes on mean-s for jautoniatieally lockingthe hydroplanes in any position to \vinehithey'have been ti'ii'ned'. i I

5. A submarine or submersible boat 'havtheir .swivels' to project and-retract.theiii,

said mechanism including means for turning the liyilroplaiies on{theirhorizontal a. :es. 6; A subn arinexor submersible boat, liari ing a; pair of hydro. filanes suiveled thereon,

nechanisni for turn ng thehydroplanes on ing the hydroplanes' on' their lu-irizoiital axes v inieonihination. with supplemental v ineeha- 'nisni for adjustnigthelii'droplanes on their horizontal axes for steering, the 'two meehaiir 0f.l.1;\'(il'(l|)l:l!il!5 sir-iveleil the-reoi'i, "lill'l llng the lryrlroplane on s lo project and retract 'lhenn. Slllil ineehanism including means for turn-1130 iue the hjidroplaiies' on their hm'izo'ntal axes in combination withsupplemental mechanism for adjusting the hydroplanesou their h rizontalfaxes for steering, the said turnag and adjusting mechanism including means for automatically locking the hydroplaues in any position of adju st'menttowhichthe have been brought.

swivel'd thereon, and

theirhorizontal axes, so that when retracted they will lie against the sides of the boat and when ,projected will extend in-a substantially horizontal position.-

. 10, A submarine or submersible boa-t'hav ingg" hydroplanes swiveled' thereon," and mechanism for turning the hydroplanes on their swivels toproject and retract them and for sumiltaneously turning them on their liOl'lZOIltfll axes, so that when retracted the will lieagainstthe sides of the'boat and when projected will extend in a substautially horizontal position, and supplemental mechanism for adjusting the hydro planes ontheirhorizontalaxes for steerii ig.

11. A submarine boat-having a recess in itsiside forming a pocketfor the reception of a hydropiane' adapted to lie lengthwise in said. pocket, a bearing member in which the hydroplane is mounted for rotation ou its, horizontal axis, said bearing member being switeled in thesi'de. of the boat in such zontal axes: to bring them into operative posit ion and for lockingthem in such position,-

A hydroplaneactuating mechanism cou'iprish'ig a pair of hydroplane shafts, swi'veled supports for the shafts, shaftswiveling gear sectors on'the inner abutting of said shafts, and a worm-gear 1'nesh-' C2,, ing with said the shafts on their in any position to which they turned. i

1%. A. hydroplane-actuating mechams'mf swivels and to lock them have been comprising" a pair of hydroplane shaft-s,

I e or submersible boa-t, hav-. ing 'h *droplai ies mechanism for turning the hydroplanc's on their swivels to project and retract them. "andfor shnultaneously turning them on for rotation on'their horizontal sectors and adaptedto turn 'swivelcd supports for thefshafts, shaftswivearng" gear sectors on the inner, abutting ends of said shafts, and a worm gear mesh ing' with said sectors, incombination with a shaft-turning gear sector fixed to each shaft for'turning it on its own axis, and rela tively fixed; gear sectors with which. the shaft-turning sectors engage, whereby the actuation of. the worm shafts turns; the hydroplaue shafts on tllClY'gSViVQTS and simultaneousl g' turns them on their own axes.

'15. Hydroplane supportingand actuating mechanism for siibmari-ne boats, comprising a pair of hydroplane shafts; bearing, memg hers mounted for rotation on Vertical axes in the sides of the boat and in. which the' hydroplane shafts are mounted for rotation on then-horizontal axes, shaft-turmng gear tors to turn 'eachof the hydroplane shafts simultaneously on the vertical and hori- -zental axes and to lock them in any position of adjustment to which they have been turned. v

16; A 'h rdro 'ilane actuating mechanism hirsulnharine boats comprising. a pair of hydro 'ilaneshafts, swivel supportsto the shafts, shaft-swivelinggearsectors on the in combination with shaft-turning sectors fixed to said shafts, relatively :fixed gear sectors with which' the shaft-turning sectors I engage, for turning" the. relatively-fixed gear. sectors,

wherebythe turning of the shafts on their swi velssimultaneously;turns them .on their own axes but the sha ts may be'turned on their own axes without swiveling."

17. A hydro'plane actuating mechanism for submarine' boats comprisin'ga casting sectors secured to said shafts and a WOIHL gear and "connectionsforiturning'said secinner abutting ends of said shafts, and a worin gear meshing w1th-the.sa1d sectors,

and a worm wheel" and [connections supported on the boatand'having flat bear-1 ing' surfaces, a pa'irofvhydroplane shafts, v beari tie for said shafts havin-g pintles 0ur, traded in said casting, sectors on the inner abuttingends of said shaft-swiveling gear shafts and resting enthe said flat bearing a worm gear 'IHQSl'liIiQ- with said surfaces,

sectors, shaft-turning sectors' fixed to said shafts, "additional 'ge'arfsectors 9,; swiveled on the pintles ofjt'he hydroplane shafts; and with which the shaft-turning sectors en gage, a"sec'ond worm gear, and-gear sectors 7, meshingwith' said'second Worm gearandj connected to the gear sectors 9.,'-f or the;p.ur-- pose described. j i I In testimony whereof I affixmy signature,

inpresence of two witnesses GREGORY CAIrDllELhDAVISON.

\Vitnesses:

F'. L. BRAKE, -JV. D. Fasten, 

